SEE

How SEE electricity spreads shape Serbia’s industrial margins: A 2026–2030 competitiveness map

Serbia’s industrial competitiveness is increasingly shaped not by domestic conditions alone but by regional electricity spreads across Southeast Europe. The price difference between Hungary’s HUPX, Romania’s OPCOM, Bulgaria’s IBEX, Greece’s ADEX and Serbia’s SEEPEX sets the backdrop against which Serbian exporters operate. These spreads influence cross-border flows, industrial tariffs, PPA affordability and the financial feasibility […]

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Scenario-based 2030–2040 supply-chain outlook: electricity, logistics, SEE corridors and Europe’s processing competitiveness

Europe’s pursuit of strategic autonomy in raw materials, electrification metals and industrial processing capacity is entering a decade defined by volatile energy markets, shifting logistics routes, geopolitical fragmentation and competition for midstream value creation. ReSourceEU has marked Europe’s strategic intent, but the 2030–2040 horizon will determine whether Europe becomes a competitive processing region or remains

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SEE’s electricity market: Structure, competition, traders, strategies and the next decade of transformation

The South-East European electricity market has always stood apart from the mature, deeply liquid and algorithmically saturated markets of Western and Northern Europe. The Western Balkans region—extending through Serbia, Montenegro, Bosnia and Herzegovina, North Macedonia, Albania, and partially linked surrounding systems—remains a puzzle of semi-liberalised markets, legacy monopolies, variable regulatory maturity, rapid renewable expansion potential

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Cross-border power corridors shaping South-East Europe: Interconnections, congestions and the new gravitational pull of the EU electricity market

South-East Europe is moving through a period of structural change, driven by accelerating renewable deployment, constrained transmission corridors, and a new continental price geography that increasingly radiates outward from the European Union’s core. The region stretching from Hungary through Croatia, Serbia, Romania, Bulgaria and Greece, and continuing across the Adriatic through Montenegro toward Italy, forms

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Hydro–storage–renewables integration strategy for SEE

Designing an integration strategy for hydropower, storage and renewables in South-East Europe means accepting that no single technology can deliver both decarbonisation and stability. Wind and solar bring energy and cost advantages. Hydro brings dispatchable flexibility and system strength. Storage brings speed and granularity. The challenge is to orchestrate them into a coherent architecture that

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Traders’ hydro-volatility map for SEE

From a trader’s perspective, hydropower in South-East Europe is less about reservoirs and turbines and more about timing, asymmetry and correlation with wind and solar patterns. A hydro-volatility map of the region does not describe water levels; it describes how hydro behaviour amplifies or dampens spreads across borders and across time. The first dimension of

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Hydropower as baseload or balancing in a renewable-dominated SEE system: A structural analysis of hydro vs. wind and solar

Hydropower has always occupied a privileged position in South-East Europe’s electricity systems. Before solar and wind entered the mix, hydro served simultaneously as baseload, mid-merit and balancing capacity. It delivered firm energy during wet seasons, provided dispatchable flexibility for system operators and anchored frequency stability across weak and heavily fragmented Balkan grids. Yet as the

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SEE power trading: A pure traders’ view on spreads, volatility and balancing opportunities

South-East Europe is entering a period where the spread and balancing environment becomes more profitable—and more dangerous—than at any time in the region’s modern electricity history. The fundamental driver is structural mismatch: renewable ramping outpacing system flexibility, coal fleets losing baseload stability, hydropower losing predictability and balancing markets evolving more slowly than the volatility they

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South-East Europe’s renewable transition: Wind, solar baseload, balancing and the real hierarchy of flexibility

South-East Europe has entered the decisive phase of its energy transition, a moment when renewable expansion has become irreversible yet system adaptation remains incomplete. Across Serbia, Montenegro, Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, North Macedonia and Croatia, wind and solar are accelerating faster than the physical and institutional infrastructure required to support them. The result is a

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